Morality and Relagion Essay Example for Free

Morality and Relagion Essay Morality refers to a set of principles that guide an individual on how one evaluates right and wrong. People believing in religion consider morality is shaped by religion because they believe that morality can be understood only in the context of religion; therefore, those religious people insist if there were no religion, people would be out of control. However, religious beliefs give people a wrong definition of moral value, indeed, morality is shaped only by instinct and environment. Regardless of religion, morality comes from instinct. Human beings are social creatures; they have to live in groups for reproduction and survival that has not changed at all since the ancient time. Looking back to history, people live in groups to share food, to take care of infants and build social networks to meet the daily challenges of their environment. Similarly, at the present time, people value their society for the same purposes. Even though the way to live has changed for instance, in the Stone Age people hunted and shared foods for their living, unlike people who do business for their living nowadays; they still depend on each other for reproduction and survival. Therefore, people instinctively have to keep their relationship between each other, and morality is formed to maintain the relationship. Consequently, every human being has morality regardless of religious beliefs. If the religious people insist that religions shape morality, non-religious people or atheists shouldn`t have morality. However, those people do have morality and they can judge the things right or wrong like other people who believe in religion. Furthermore, people who believe in religion said that the religion shapes morality, yet there are so many different religions around the world. Some people believe in Christianity, other believes in Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam etc. Each religion worships different Gods, and has difference belief systems. Christians, for instance, believe in Jesus Christ while Buddhists venerate Gautama. Even though the same religion, there are different branches. Christianity, for instance, has Catholics and Protestants; on the other hand, Buddhism separate to Mahayana and Theravada. Therefore, if the morality is formed base on religion, the definition of morality should vary since there are many different regions. However, morality that people use in an attempt to do the right thing is the same. â€Å"Trolley Problem†, posted by Phillipa Foot in her 1967 paper, â€Å"Abortion and the Doctrine of Double Effect† help for clear understanding about morality (Clark). She was a British philosopher, and she explained if a person put in dilemma to choice for saving five people`s lives or a person`s life, he or she must choose five people`s lives to save instead of one no matter whatever religion he or she believes. Therefore, religion does not affect morality. If the religions control people`s moral values, different religions will define different moral values, and the answer about â€Å"Trolley Problem† may vary. On the other hand, not only humans but also animals have morality. Frans de Waal, Charles Howard Candle professor of Primate Behavior in the Emory University, shared the experimental results that showed the moral behavior in animals. Chimpanzees help each other to get food, and they reconcile after fighting. Those behaviors pretty much indicate their morality (Waal). Since both human and animals have morality, religion that only existence in human world could not be a source of forming moral. Environment shapes moral values. Religion does not affect moral values, but environment does affect because adaption on environment is very important for survival. Darwin`s evolutionary theory â€Å"Natural Selection† proved that all living organisms modified to adapt the environment. Consequently, moral value is different from each environment where people live. Western countries are more individualistic while Asian countries are more collectivistic. Americans, for example, individuality is a moral value; however, helping each other is a moral value in China. Mr Meier, ESL 33B professor, who has an experience for teaching both American and Asian students, mentioned that American students do not willing help each other during the test because they believe self-1 / 2 reliance as a moral value. Contrast, Asian students prefer to help each other during the test because using each other to achieve their gold is a moral value for Asian countries. Consequently, governments get involved in defining the different moral values. The US government has less control on the society; therefore, people have more freedom, and it leads to enhance the self- reliance as a moral value. However, Asian countries, where government strictly controls various aspects, have less freedom and people in those countries have to rely on each other to get to their goals. Therefore, those people regard helping each other as a moral value. In addition, cultures, which co-exist in different environments, also define the moral values. In Asian cultures, people are taught to respect and care elder people. Therefore, people from Asia believe respecting the elder and taking care of those people as a moral value. For instance, in Japan, national health insurance system is running very well because people are willing to pay insurance fees, which helps elder people who need health care services. People consider even though they do not need health services right now, elder people who need health care gain the benefits from insurance system, and they are happy to help those people by paying monthly insurance fees. However, in Western culture, people regard self-belief as a moral value, and they do not prefer to help elder people. Therefore in the US, national health insurance system does not exist, and even though President Obama tried to construct the health insurance system, it did not work well because of different moral values. Therefore, moral value is pretty much related to environment. Religious beliefs exacerbate the collapse the morality. Religion controlled its believers, and people believing in religion tend to believe whatever the rules that religion lay down. For instance, sky burial, which is take place in Tibetan Buddhism, is the most gross burial way if we think from our common sense of morality. Human corpses are placed on a mountaintop as a prey for birds such as vultures, eagles and other scavengers. Buddhist monks are subjected to the sky burial funerary. They go to the mountaintop by themselves to conduct the funeral ceremony. However, that is normal for people who believe in Tibetan Buddhism because religion teaches the believers â€Å"Humans are part of nature. (People) arrive in the world naturally and they leave it naturally. Life and death are part of a wheel of reincarnation. Death is not to be feared. † (Xinran 159). Therefore, they were controlled by religion to believe conducting sky burial is the way to return the body back to the nature. On the other hand, religious belief ignite the people`s competitive spirit that lead to break morality. Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) is one of the examples that easy to understand for how religious belief stir the people`s competitive spirit. ISIS, the biggest Islamic terrorist group, attempts to create a new Islamic country in Middle East. ISIS has rapidly expanded by taking over Iraq and Syria territories. ISIS has killed so many innocents who do not follow Islam. This immoral behavior occurred because of ISIS, which was created by extreme Muslim believers, who regard their religion as the best on the world. They want to spread their religion; therefore, they force other people to become a part of Muslim believer by using immoral ways. Therefore, religious beliefs lead people to collapse the morality. In conclusion, morality is important to maintain our society. Every living organism that depends on each other to maintain life cannot survive without morality. However, humans misunderstand that religion shapes morality, but if we think critically, we can understand that morality is formed not because of religion but because of instinct and environment. Works Cited Clark, Josh. â€Å"How the Trolley Problem Works. † How Stuff Works. N. p. ,n. d. Web, 24 Oct. 2014. Waal, Frans De. â€Å"Moral Behavior in Animals. † TED. N. p. , Nov. 2011. Web. 24 Oct. 2014 Xinran, Xue. â€Å"Sky Burial. † Sky Burial. New York: Anchor Books, July. 2006. Print. POWERED BY TCPDF (WWW. TCPDF. ORG).

T.S. Eliots The Waste Land and Yulisa Maddy’s No Past No Present No Future :: Eliot Wasteland Maddy Future Present Past Essays

Death and Dying in T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land and Yulisa Maddy’s No Past No Present No Future I am immortal. Although I realize that I will die, I don’t believe it. The fear of death motivates me to ignore my mortality and, in motivating me to ignore, allows me to live a jaded, happy life. If death were a predominant thought, then appreciating life would seem difficult—unless of course I changed my name to Harold. Everyone confronts the idea of death sooner or later; different people just deal with death in different ways. Death or the fear of death can create a greater appreciation of life. I once heard a story about a monk. This monk was on a walk through the woods one day when a bear or a lion or a reasonable facsimile thereof appeared as if from nowhere. The monk’s ‘fight, fly, or hit the fence’ mechanics kicked in, and he was off. He was chased to the face of a cliff, so he began to climb it. Now the cliff was a vertical wall, and the monk was unable to climb very high. He clinged to the smallest of cracks in this wall. When he looked down, there were more of whatever had chased him there, but when he looked back up, he noticed a strawberry growing on the face of this cliff. He ate the strawberry—it was perfect. The strawberry was far from perfect, but because death was ten feet below him, it tasted better than any meal he had ever had. Death created a greater appreciation of life in the monk. Life should be lived out at every moment; death creates immediacy in living li fe to the fullest. As T. S. Eliot put it, "I will show you fear in a handful of dust." Eliot’s The Waste Land is the portrait of a society whose culture and infrastructure is dying. The post-WWI-era saw Europe decaying. The massive destruction to its cities combined with the incredible loss of life created disillusion in Europe. But The Waste Land is not merely a picture of European society dying; it is Eliot’s commentary on his society, and his attempt to save it. Tiresias is the only main character in The Waste Land. He rarely has an active role in the poem, though. He serves as an onlooker—a reporter—to and a narrator of this waste land: Unreal City, Under the brown fog of a winter dawn, T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land and Yulisa Maddy’s No Past No Present No Future :: Eliot Wasteland Maddy Future Present Past Essays Death and Dying in T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land and Yulisa Maddy’s No Past No Present No Future I am immortal. Although I realize that I will die, I don’t believe it. The fear of death motivates me to ignore my mortality and, in motivating me to ignore, allows me to live a jaded, happy life. If death were a predominant thought, then appreciating life would seem difficult—unless of course I changed my name to Harold. Everyone confronts the idea of death sooner or later; different people just deal with death in different ways. Death or the fear of death can create a greater appreciation of life. I once heard a story about a monk. This monk was on a walk through the woods one day when a bear or a lion or a reasonable facsimile thereof appeared as if from nowhere. The monk’s ‘fight, fly, or hit the fence’ mechanics kicked in, and he was off. He was chased to the face of a cliff, so he began to climb it. Now the cliff was a vertical wall, and the monk was unable to climb very high. He clinged to the smallest of cracks in this wall. When he looked down, there were more of whatever had chased him there, but when he looked back up, he noticed a strawberry growing on the face of this cliff. He ate the strawberry—it was perfect. The strawberry was far from perfect, but because death was ten feet below him, it tasted better than any meal he had ever had. Death created a greater appreciation of life in the monk. Life should be lived out at every moment; death creates immediacy in living li fe to the fullest. As T. S. Eliot put it, "I will show you fear in a handful of dust." Eliot’s The Waste Land is the portrait of a society whose culture and infrastructure is dying. The post-WWI-era saw Europe decaying. The massive destruction to its cities combined with the incredible loss of life created disillusion in Europe. But The Waste Land is not merely a picture of European society dying; it is Eliot’s commentary on his society, and his attempt to save it. Tiresias is the only main character in The Waste Land. He rarely has an active role in the poem, though. He serves as an onlooker—a reporter—to and a narrator of this waste land: Unreal City, Under the brown fog of a winter dawn,

Decision modeling and analysis Essay

Case Problem1: Production Strategy: Here, there is a production management in the Better Fitness, Inc. (BFI) which manufactures two types of machines (BodyPlus100 and BodyPlus200). The detailed math has been done in the report as per the statistics given for its production of the two varieties of the machines. The raw material costs in each section consisting in the manufacture of the specific machine (either BodyPlus100 or BodyPlus200). The labor costs are also given which sums up the production cost of the machine so as to calculate the total cost for its manufacture. The net profits are calculated and recommended that the manufacture of one BodyPlus100 machine provides more profit than that is produced in the manufacture of one BodyPlus200 machine. As the net profit made per hour in the manufacture of one BodyPlus100 is $24.73 and where as, the net profit made per hour in the manufacture of one BodyPlus200 is $19.83 Case Problem2: Solutions Plus: In this case issue, the company Solutions Plus is an industrial chemicals company that produces specialized cleaning fluids and solvents for a wide variety of applications. The main issue is that this company has been invited to forward a bid to supply Great North American railroad with a cleaning fluid for locomotives. The main case is to deal with the math related to the production cost and the shipping from two different places (Cincinnati and Oakland, California). The Solution Plus itself cannot produce and deliver the entire amount of required gallons of the cleaning agent and considering the larger distances to ship these cleaning agents, the shipping charges are also included as the expenditure for manufacturing the cleaning agent. The bid has is sent after deciding that the entire production from Cincinnati and Oakland, California shorts the exact requirement of the cleaning agents from eleven (11) different locations in America.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Since the requirement is not exactly met, the supply of the cleaning agents to Pendleton is made short of 17,615 gallons. The reason only Pendleton is made short of its required deal because, the shipping costs are more to the place from Cincinnati. Also, specified that only 500,000 gallons of cleaning agent can be supplied from Cincinnati and only 50,000 gallons can be sent to any location from Oakland, California. The bid is for a contract of two years. So the shipping costs may vary after one year as the fuel rates might fluctuate. So the Director of marketing of Solution Plus has to bid now fore sighting the fluctuations in the fuel price. Hence, due to the restriction of the total number of gallons supplied from Cincinnati, we could only supply 972,937 gallons of the locomotives cleaning agent to the 11 different locations where the exact requirement is 990,522 gallons of the cleaning agent. When the bid is made for $1,821,214.39 for one year, then the net profit that is made in one year is $237,749.72

Essay about Role of Managerial Accounting - 1112 Words

Accountants have been a necessary tool in all organizations such as individual companies, partnerships, schools and governments. Indeed, they have great professional technique in a rule of accountancy that government are able to measure and report financial information as organizations. This can also provide a lot of positive impacts in the running of a business. Research shows there are three main ways accountants can keep business costs down which involve internal and external actions. For internal control, the accountant has a responsibility to monitor finances of a company. Other responsibilities include keeping track of liabilities, duties and taxes. Furthermore, analyses of measurement data on creditors or stockholders are also†¦show more content†¦Next, the main internal reporting is prepared by financial accounting such as report income statements which are profit and loss accounts, balance sheets such as statements of assets and liabilities, cash-flow statements and changes in equity (Hoque 2003). This alone shows the importance of financial accounting. Financial data have certain support as a value for all levels of an organization. As (Baldvinsdottir et al. 2009) mentions that management accountants start an inquiry of the most appropriate way to ensure the use of relevant financial information when working with a manager. Financial accounting decision with another manager more successful in achieving tactical goals than working is isolation. Baldvinsdottir et al. (2009) also allege that management accountants become more pragmatic in a complex business environment but financial accountants is more successful in achieving profitability. In this state, financial information becomes more significant in a company’s success. The second important part is cost accounting, which is setting budgets and actual cost of operations, processes, departments or products and support decision-making to cut a company’s costs and improve profitability. Hoque (2003, p.5) pointed out that cost accounting involves cost-volume-profit analysis, budgeting, relevant costing and job costing. Cost accounting is concerned with ascertainment andShow MoreRelatedRole Of Managerial And Managerial Accounting1029 Words   |  5 PagesThe role of managerial accounting has played a significant role in the success of businesses dating as far back as the 19th century. 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